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Palm oil mill plant

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Palm oil mill plant is used to extract crude palm oil from palm fruit and get high oil yield palm oil. Palm oil mill plant, also called as palm oil extraction machine, are utilized in palm oil mill or palm oil pressing plant for effective palm oi production. The design and technology of palm oil mill plant are very important for its smooth operation and further maintenance.
Next we will introduce the palm oil mill plant from palm fruit to palm oil:

Palm fruit oil

Oil palm belongs to palmaceous plant; its main producing area distributes tropic area between the south latitude 5～10°and the north latitude 5～10°near the equator; It is an important tropic oil seed plant. The palm oil content is very high: common fresh fruit :46～50％ , palm kernel :50～55％.
Oil palm begins to bear fruits about two years and a half after being transplanted. Firstly, the output is very low, 8～15years is blooming time and output reach maximum; it gradually aging when it grows over 20 years; its growth period is 25～30years. Per-hectare land should plant about 140-palm tree in general, annual output is about 20T fresh fruit bunches; after being processed, about percentage 20 is crude palm oil and percentage 20 is kernel.

And for the palm oil extraction machine, we can do different capacites:
Small capacity: 1tph, 2tph, 3tph, 5tph.
Large capacity: 10t/h,15t/h, 30t/h 60t/h, to 120tph.

Process flow chart of palm oil mill plant:
Raw materials storage section----Sterilizing section----Threshing section----Crasher and Presser----Crude oil clarifying----Fiber separation section----Kernel recovery section----Palm oil refining section

Palm oil extraction process

Raw materials storage section in the palm oil mill plant: Collecting the ripe fresh cluster from the orchard and convey by trucks, then pour the fluster into the discharge door after weighed by ground weigh bridge.
The discharge door has discharging channels, the upper and lower switches of the iron gate are controlled by pneumatic, Pneumatic control system consists of air compressor and pneumatic control devices. Start the control valve to open the gate of the discharge door, then the palm fruits will fall into the fruit basket car or conveyor.

Palm fruit reception section

Sterilizing section in the palm oil mill plant: fresh palm fruit bunch will be sent to sterilizer, then injecting direct steam (the pressure is 300KPa) to heat 60mins. The purpose is to prevent enzymes broken down, avoiding FFA content in oil further increase. At the meanwhile, the temperature will make the fruits soften, it is easy for threshing, pretreatment peel, prepared for the follow-up processing, like pressing, husking, it is also reducing the damage kernel.

Palm fruit sterilizing machine

Threshing section in the palm oil mil plant: The palm fruit is about 60% of the FFB(fresh fruit bunch). The purpose of threshing is to separate the palm fruit from the FFB. The drum type thresher is the usual machine to separate the fruit. There is a horizontal turning machine in the inner of the threshing. The separated oil palm fruit is sent into the pressing section. Empty fruit bunch be ejected to the yard from the other side of the revolving drum, or shipped out from the plant as palm orchards slipcover to recycling use, or burning in the locale as fertilizer for agricultural land.

Palm fruit threshing machine

Digesting section of palm oil mill plant:
The crasher also has the steam heater. The purpose of crasher is to separate the pulp and nut and crush the palm pulp. At the same time, the steam is used to cook the palm fruit and broke the cell of pulp. The best condition of cooking is 90～100℃ for 20 min. The tubes of the crasher use the indirect steam to heat the crasher and palm fruit. The direct steam is added to the inner of crasher. The direct steam is used to adjust the water content and temperature in the crasher. The central shaft includes lots of blade to crush the palm fruit. The palm fruit is entered the crasher from the top and discharged from the bottom.

Palm fruit digesting machine

Presseing section of palm oil mill plant:
Before pressed, oil palm fruit first be carried out cooking, sterilized fruit must be re-heated to make the pulp soft and damage pulp cell structure.
After sterilized, threshing and crasher, the palm pulp become soft and cell is broken. Then it is sent to continuous screw press. After pressing, oil palm fruit is divided into two parts: the mixture of oil, water and solid impurities, and the press cake (fiber and nut). The mixture of oil, water and solid impurities inflows to oil purification section by the crude oil gutter. The pressed cake is sent to the fiber- recovery section by breaking screw conveyor.

Palm fruit pressing machine

Crude oil clarifying in the palm oil mill plant:
Machine-pressed crude oil first diluted with water washing, through settlement and filtration, the fiber material removed from the oil, and then carry out continuous settlement, the whole divided into two parts: oil and sediment. Oil by centrifugal separation and through vacuum drying pumped into the storage tank for storing; oil sediment by filtration and dirt oil separation, oil process second settlement, dirt oil mixture process clarification separation, Skim oil then carry out a second settlement, sewage pumps to sewage treatment pond for dealing with.

Palm oil clarification machine

Fiber separation section of palm oil mill plant:
Press cake broken by breaking screw conveyor and then transported into the fiber separation air net and fiber polishing roller for fiber separating. The separated fiber material is sent to the boiler room as fuel; the separated stone is transported to stone warehouse by pneumatic conveying system for temporary storage.

Palm kernel and fiber separating machine

Kernel recovery section of palm oil mill plant: the stone needs intenerate tempering before being broken, the intenerating stone be divided into two or more petal by corrugated crusher, kernel was released. The broken mixture enters into broken mixture separation system; separation system adopts two stage separation and water separation. After separation, shell is sent to the warehouse for temporary storage, as boiler room fuel when necessary; the moisture content of separation kernel falls to below 7% through the hot air to dry. Dried kernel is sent to kernel storage warehouse for storing.

Palm kernel and shell crushing and separating machine

Palm oil refining section of palm oil mill plant :Palm oil refining machine is a very important process to improve the oil quality. According to the continue degree, the refineries can be divided into three types, they are batch type refinery, semi-continuous type refinery and continuous refinery. General speaking, the small capacities liking 1-20tons per day, we usually suggest the final users adopt the batch type and semi-continuous type refineries. For 30tons and above, the continuous type refinery will be much better, because the oil quality is much more steady and average. Palm oil refinery processes are divided into 4 steps, degumming and de-acidification, de-colorization , deodorization and cooling filtration.

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